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Teachers Activity links ____________________ Grammar advanced intermediate beginning ____________________ Reading abridged stories paraphrasing ____________________ Writing essay skills verb choice end focus ____________________ Listening Speaking Teaching Vowels s- endings note-taking skills ____________________ more to come... ____________________ created and maintained by Douglas E. Adams		Reduced Adverb Clauses page 7 - Passives Reducing Passive Adverb Clauses: When reducing passive clauses there are three things to keep in mind: Passive clauses reduce to the pp form. [like with group one adjective clauses] Whatever word occupies the space right after the subordinator in the passive dependent clause has to have the same meaning as the word that begins the independent clause.[There's a strategy for doing this.] Add "being" to the reduced form after the subordinators "Since", "While", "After", and "Before". [can be remembered as "SWAB"] Not every subordinator reduces in the passive. [ List of ones that can be reduced] SWAB: There are a handful of time subordinators that need the word "being" added to them in their reduced passive forms.    For example:     After the president nominated a candidate for the U.S. Supreme Court, that candidate was not approved by Congress.                         DC                                                                                                                        IC ...make the adverb clause passive...    For example:     After a candidate for the U.S. Supreme Court was nominated by the president, that candidate was not approved by Congress.                         DC                                                                                                                        IC ...add "being" to the verb in the reduced form rather than just using the simple past passive.    For example:     After being nominated by the president, that candidate was not approved by Congress.                  DC                                                                                      IC Back to the beginning...

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