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Teachers Activity links ____________________ Grammar advanced intermediate beginning ____________________ Reading abridged stories paraphrasing ____________________ Writing essay skills verb choice end focus ____________________ Listening Speaking Teaching Vowels s- endings note-taking skills ____________________ more to come... ____________________ created and maintained by Douglas E. Adams		Reduced Adverb Clauses page 3 Reducing Active Adverb Clauses: When reducing active clauses there are three things to keep in mind: Active clauses reduce to the ing form. [looks like a gerund] Whatever word occupies the space right after the subordinator has to have the same meaning as the word that begins the independent clause. [In most cases this means the subject of the dependent clause = the subject of the independent clause. However, if the independent clause is passive, then it will = the object.] Not all adverb clause subordinators can be reduced. Active clauses reduce to the ing form: [losing the original meaning with the future tense] There is the possibility of losing the original meaning in attempting to reduce an adverb clause with a future tense verb in it.    For example:     Although he will buy a big hotdog, Tom doesn't really like hotdogs.                         DC                                        IC If we change the future verb to its gerund form, we lose the future meaning.    For example:     Although buying a big hotdog, Tom doesn't really like hotdogs.                         DC                                        IC The reduced form implies that Tom is buying a hotdog right now. Note that this can happen anytime the actions in the two clauses happen at different times. In such cases, it's generally best to just not reduce, and students need to be made aware that they have to make a judgement call as to whether or not the meaning has changed. As the old adage says "Just because you can do something, doesn't mean you should do it." Next...

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